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I visited Hawaii in 2000 with my family. Not only did I keep a sketchbook while there, I decided to research Hawaiian history. The text that follows is a loosely-structured poem that reflects a smorgasbord of historical facts, spun into the style of an epic tale. It is not meant to make linear, literal sense. However, the names and atrributes are accurate, and reflect a good deal of research I put into the project.


Stone Head, Honolulu

The infernal nature of human history is rising to the surface like lava- bent with the twists and turns of the day, beneath the sliding corruption of time, beneath the gasseous dispersion of DNA, wrung from the percolating action of the Chinese, Japanese, Portugese, filipino, Hispanic, Caucasian, Korean and native bloodstreams; trundled together in a heated game of Mahjong, blessed by Ka Poe Kahiko as they watched from the encrusted confines of the Kilauea firepit.

Beach Cliffs, Big Island

Pele, entranced and consumed with the presence of this undying and succesful manifestation of island archipelagos invoked the presence of the high priests and the directors of the Kohala Sugar Company to commune, at last, in a moment of shared appreciation for this island outpost built from a single, irrepressible vent where no caution or taboo, sacrament or admonishment, could keep the season of Makahiki from spilling into the whole of the year.

Polulu Beach

Stanford Ballard Dole opened a can of pineapple and found crying inside the juice of ten thousand laborers, acidic, packed with despair. the label read: na kanaka okuu wale aku no I kau uhae: provided to you by those Kamaaina who freely dismissed their souls and died, they who emerged from the surf clutching a rosary in one hand, the mana of Jehovah in the other, inspired by Hiram Bingham who stood sweating on the beach in his woolens.

Sculpture, Honolulu

Hyperbolic visions of statehood might have entered the mind of Robert Gray, piloting the never-before seen Columbia past Diamond Head, but the promise of free trade and an eight-lane freeway sprawling forth from the edges of future Honolulu, ringed by the primitive early offices of Ladd and Company, protected by the Mu, discouraged any visits that could have broken the solidarity of those early explorers who sailed out of Tahiti and the Marquesas.

Wooden Sculpture, Honolulu

When Kamehameha received the first longhorn he stared long and hard at such an unlikely archipelagan beast and promptly hired a vaquero from Southern California to train his own paniolos, men whose spirit had not yet been broken by plantation colonialism or Mai Okuu, the choleric strains of which transfixed the oligarchy into a frenzy of limb-breaking and eye-gouging, encouraging Syngmann Rhee To later recollect such blasphemies and fornications to underscore his own bid on Korean politics.

Lava, Big Island

Circling counterclockwise around the Iolani Palace John Burns gathered breadfruit and found inscribed, in pidgin, recollections of the first influx of indentured labor on the headstones of those from fukien province while red-baiters in long underwear under the Polynesian sun played monopoly with the land they felt was theirs.

Kilauea Crater, Big Island

After the Kamchatka sailed to Oahu bearing the signature of smallpox, Portlock came to have a good look to see what Cook had been talking about-- watching instead, through his telescope, labor strikes taking root in a high rise on Maui, the mana of tobacco swirling about Takashi Tsutsumi's head as he asked Hiram Fong for a loan to cover the lost wages And broken limbs of the former samurais who came seeking peace and employment amid stalks of sugar cane.

Bougainvalia, Big Island

Had John Kapena caught the ill wind of the Chinese exclusion laws, he might not have been so eager to send a boat Japan. but the air was stagnant, so the Wobblies offered kokua to Pablo Manlapit under a mesquite tree, branches swaying with the memory of an errant catholic order whose unprotestant predilections brought even God's wrath down upon them. charles Montague Cook withdrew from negotiations, retreating to his office in the Hawaiian bank, eagerly awaiting Annexation Day when questions of his missionary past would dissolve like the finest of cubes in his legacy of charitable giving.

Fern, Big Island

Don Francisco Paulo de Marin stood by Kamehameha's side and handed him the first guava, wrapped in an eight-striped flag with a Union Jack in the corner. he chanted, 'Britain for brotherhood, The United States for trade, and Kamehameha over all' but Kamahameha was wrestling with the vision of the future when Joseph Kanahawi would be tried and murdered at the hands of civilians who believed he raped Thalia Massie, and Chinese laborers from Amoy would pour into the country bearing the white tapa banners of Lono, challenging the Kuhina Nue through their eventual business expertise.

Beach and tree, Kauai

The Chinese looked to Tan Heung Shan and discovered that in those fragrant mountains where the sandalwood ripened there ought to be more than one delicious scent, and so they boiled the first sugar on Lanai, discovering in the steam raising from the sweat of the Makaainana that their invention would be quickly usurped and channeled into the empire of the missionaries. Elias Bond, preaching from Kohala, dropped his abolitionist stance when the money disappeared and hired as many plantation hands as he could, eventually joining Admiral Legorant de Tromelin in a circular pilgrimage around Ala Moana.

Polulu Beach, Big Island

Captain Cook climbed Mauna Loa and saw, from his distant perch, Jack Hall struggling with scab labor in Hilo, the docks painted with blood of the makaainana; Nathan and Jonathan Winship buying up the very last of the Iliahi, and David Douglass scouring the islands for rare species of plants. dying in ecstasy over the diversity, David fell into the bull-pit Ned Gurney had set for him, leaving his little dog to run in frenzied circles, biting the heels of Hiram Bingham who was returning from his first mission of mercy, embarrassed by the obdurate Hula dancers who held Havaki in the grip of moral decay.

Kauai Beach

The hard-shelled crab, the great Kohala chief who lifted the Naha stone of Hilo was observed in his home environment in great detail by Vasilly Golovnin, who noticed that the mysterious and restrictive taboos of the island kept the potential economic development of Hawaii at bay. from the new England pulpit of Henry Obookaiah doubts of venereal disease and the criticisms of Herman Melville were cast aside while Captain Jack Percival came to collect on debts incurred by those who squandered the kingdom's supply of sandalwood on furniture and guns.

Kailu Trail, Kauai

P.T. Barnum shook the hand of David Kalakua and signaled the orchestra to begin 'King of the Cannibal Isles' while Colonel Thomas H. Green moved into the Iolani Palace marshalling the law that fell upon the islands like the bombs that were dropped on Pearl Harbor.

Deck of the U.S.S Missouri

A dogtag with a 'C' might imply Christianity but a dogtag without a 'B' meant the Nisei had to fight a war on two fronts. even though the purple hearts blossomed from their chests, the Dhammacakra was not allowed to grace their gravestones. syphilis came, disguised, bound in woolen clothing coughing from an Anglican pulpit and multiplying in the Iolani school, preparing students for the historical ramifications of the Ginaca machine, able to peel and pack thirty five pineapples a minute.

Kailu Trail

The Honolulu rifles entered the Mission Church of Kawaihao and laid flower leis on Kaahumanu's reliquary shrine, as well as starchy corms of Taro with the calcium oxalate still intact. every Kamaaina who misunderstood the message of the Rifles was forced to cut a half-picul of Sandalwood even though it had been gone for a century. shipfitter Duncan argued for due process and a declaration that Martial law was illegal. while the courts churned in their machinations, he thought of Kaahumanu and how she had stood the system of Kapu on its head forcing Liholiho to eat what she had prepared.

Tree in Hawi, Big Island

Garrett Judd thought it was smallpox that dissolved his influence on Oahu, but it was really the Great Mahele and the idea that land should be bought and sold; the disappearance of Ohana where the roots of taro and families had intermingled; the dismissal of Ahupuaa that cared for the land, so profound was the dispossession that in later years Daniel Inouye would wander through the forests of Kona with one arm looking for the Mulberry plant from which he could make a sling of tapa.

Whale, Bishop Museum, Honolulu

Chuck Mau shuffled through a stack of land titles and discovered the original bill of sale for the Thaddeus abandoned long after the missionaries had dispersed. those who hoped to make a difference by preaching found their energy funneled into the presence of Titus Coan, a Millerite whose evangelical fervor transformed a tidal wave into an act of God. such an event was delayed-and-possibly even forgotten by the vote for annexation and the hopes of Kauileaouli who sought to democratize his people, proclaiming, when foreign governments temporarily recognized Hawaii's independence, 'ua mau ke ea o ka aina I ka pono': the life of the land is preserved in righteousness.

Chinese Society Building, Hawaii

In the red-light district of Iwilei Governor Stainback concealed a bible and a copy of Das Kapital ostensibly looking for communists, tearing at copies of the liberal Honolulu Record which were posted on every doorway. he thought he saw Koki Ariyoshi publishing extra editions in the alley, and what might have been the ghost of Jules Detroit chasing Asee, but it was only the kanaka who had returned from sailing trips across the Pacific salty with desire, sleepy with the perfume of the soil, disappearing into the crimson hollows of the dwellings east of Honolulu harbor.

Kailu Trail, Kauai

A coconut split and Pearl Harbor exploded and even Barkley could sense it, anchored off Maui for a few hours one may afternoon in 1787. lepers jumped from the cliffs at Kalaupapa, and Armaur Hansen and Father Damien de Veuster scoured the beach, looking for clues each arriving at a different conclusion. Chin Ho took his life savings and turned it into hotel bonds, rejoicing when Coconuts finally really did fall on the GOP in Honolulu.

U.S.S. Missouri, Honolulu

Chales Bishop floated a loan and the plantation luna rose over the stubble of cane, dreading the day when the perquisites would be forced by labor unions to be converted into cash, and workers could shop where they liked. before the price of sugar responded to the reciprocity treaty of 1877 Claus Spreckels came dashing back to Honolulu from the west coast buying half the crop before the price could readjust, a shrewd move that caused his German industrialist genes to dance and quiver in the hot sun of Oahu. George Paulet, dodging Dr. Judd's pot-shots from Kaahumanu's coffin sweated it out with a native chieftess for as long as he could before his superiors from Britain told him to just pack it up and go home.

Tree, Hawaii

The Keck telescope, perched above the infinite depth of Mauna Kea's tholeiitaic basalt, was only just powerful enough for Takie Okumura to discern the desperate intentions of Hiram Bingham's exiled citizens, those adulterers and murderers who temporarily occupied the islands of Kahoolawe and Lanai before escaping back into civilization. Okumura covered the eyepiece with a cross and turned to Lilouilalani, who sat singing Aloha Oe in her bedroom. 'My dear', he ventured, 'they have disgraced you, the bayonets, they have pierced you, Your brother has fallen, your crown lands dissolved, where can you go when you have nothing to lose?'

Tree, Kauai

Dreams of a multinational corporation swirled around Northrup Castle's head as he factored supplies on break from his missionary beat. just as the labor strikes abated, Myles Fukunaga abandoned his serenity, murdering his employer's son, a detail overlooked on the pages of Castle and Cook dot com. Yokohama laborers, following the wake of Commodore Perry, sweated in cages of canestalk, their lamentation replaced by iron tools. Admiral Laplace punished protestants for smashing bottles of the island's finest French liquor, while Paulet spoke for England and the chronically litigious claims of Richard Charlton.

Church, Hanalei, Kauai

Oahu felt the impact of Dillingham's folly, when he fell from his horse on the Nuuanu Pali. Mark Twain sailed to Molokai and entered the lair of the Poisonwood gods, engaging Lanikaula in a game of fan-tan, taking prodigious notes for his lecture circuit back home. keeping too close an eye on the big five, Laka, goddess of the Hula, contacted gonorrhea in a moment of cultural instability and retreated to the Rurick, where she caught up with Otto Von Kotzebue who was about to denounce Scheffer's imperialist fantasy.

Hanalei Sunrise, Kauai

Prepared to offer the kingdom of Hawaii to the highest bidder, Dr. Judd walked the streets of Europe, a Sandwich island daydream lost in the gray iron gridlock of early industrial imperialism. back in Honolulu he traveled in a gilded coach openly disapproving of the marriage between Bernice Pauahi and Charles Bishop, checking first with the local Chinese authorities for the proper name-poem that would be given to their ersatz union, on the beaches blood flowed around Henry Opukahaia's family so he retreated to Connecticut, bible in hand. when the makaainana asked him when, if ever, the haole would find peace on the Sandwich Islands, his only answer was, 'When Boki comes back.'

Jon on Polulu Beach

William Brown sailed into fair haven with a cargo of furs and was quickly enlisted by Kalanikupule to defeat his brother in a deadly game of sibling rivalry. kamehameha tossed Kalanikupule over the cliffs in the battle of Nuuanu, without remorse, and then peacefully turned to his citizens and proclaimed Aloha aina for all. in the Tong society headquarters George Kaumualii quietly ceded his rights to Kauai realizing that, when the internment camps sent the Nisei back, the ardor of these citizens for their place of natural birth would overcome any possible genetic predispositions, giving the sons of the samurais and the descendants of the Manchu emperors full democratic rights.

Jon on Polulu Beach

Kaahumanu was nursed back to health by Sybil Mosley, and her moment of conversion triumphed on a Sunday in 1825. free eating was declared; the Luakini heiaus opened to women, and awa was served amongst all. Kalakua's monopoly on opium and the later suspension of habeas corpus were both linked to the lack of oil at the end of the whaling industry.

Polulu Beach, Big Island

The Trial of Seven that encapsulated the frenzy and fear of the FBI was too much even for Charmian London who, adorned with Lianas, walked through the blessed fields of Saccharum Officinarum holding a Bible translated by Thomas Hopu, delivering to those restless natives a fiery assessment of Haole influence, using as her witness every Wahine who had been misunderstood, every student in the Japanese language schools who had been spurned, and every sailor who crossed the line of dignity.

Lava, Big Island



Fern, Big Island



Hanakapi Falls, Kauai



Beach Palm, Kauai



"Banyan tree, Big Island




copyright 2004 Haikutimes.com


solo/group kukai
drawing/writing/photography
jonathan machen